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https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ayl7HQD7Us6z-H7bpRo4jKt4HrXM5SHc/view  C. ANSWER IN BRIEF. 1. What valuable objects were carried away by Nadir Shah? Ans:  The invasions of Nadir Shah, the ruler of Persia (Iran), and Ahmad Shah Abdali, the ruler of Afghanistan, shattered the power and prestige of the Mughals. Nadir Shah looted and plundered(stolen) Delhi and carried away valuable treasures, including the priceless Kohinoor   Diamond and the Peacock Throne. Ahmad Shad Abdali plundered northern India repeatedly. 2. Name any two later Mughals. Ans: The rulers which succeeded Aurangzeb are known as the ‘Later Mughals’. The first of ‘later Mughals’ was Bahadur Shah and the last Mughal ruler was Bahadur Shah Zafar. The Later Mughals were not able to maintain the strength of the empire after the death of Aurangzeb. 3. Name any two regional kingdoms that emerged after the decline of the Mughal empire. Ans:  Successor states like Hyderabad, Awadh, and Bengal which were part o...

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https://www.javatpoint.com/java-tutorial Object-oriented programming (OOPs) is a methodology that simplifies software development and maintenance by providing some rules. Basic concepts of OOPs are 1.  OBJECTS : An object is an instance of a class. A class is a template or blueprint from which objects are created. So, an object is the instance(result) of a class. 2. CLASS : A class is a group of objects which have common properties. It is a template or blueprint from which objects are created. It is a logical entity. It can't be physical. A class in Java can contain: Fields Methods Constructors Blocks Nested class and interface 3. INHERITANCE:  Inheritance in Java is a mechanism in which one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of a parent object. It is an important part of OOPs (Object Oriented programming systems). The idea behind inheritance in Java is that you can create new classes that are built upon existing classes. When you inherit from an existing cl...

 B 1. Name the major earthquake zones of the earth. Ans:  Nearly 95% of all earthquakes take place along one of the three types of tectonic plate boundaries, but earthquakes do occur along with all three types of plate boundaries. About 80% of all earthquakes strike around the Pacific Ocean basin because it is lined with convergent and transform boundaries. Called the  Ring of Fire , this is also the location of most volcanoes around the planet. About 15% take place in the Mediterranean-Asiatic Belt , where convergence is causing the Indian Plate to run into the Eurasian Plate creating the largest mountain ranges in the world. The remaining 5% are scattered around other plate boundaries or are  intraplate earthquakes . 2. What are seismic waves? Ans:  Seismic waves   are caused by the sudden movement of materials within the Earth, such as slip along a fault during an earthquake. Volcanic eruptions, explosions, landslides, avalanches, and even rushing river...

4.  a) Differentiate between Producer and Consumer. Answer:   Producers: - Producers are organisms that make their own food. - They are autotrophs. - They can convert inorganic substances into organic substances. - They occupy the first trophic level in the food chain. - They play a primary role in the food chain. - They are green photosynthetic plants. - They entrap solar energy through chlorophyll to synthesize organic food from inorganic raw materials. - They are also known as “converters” or “transducers”. - Examples of producers are algae, phytoplankton.  Consumers: - Consumers are organisms that need to eat other organisms to obtain energy. - They are heterotrophs. - They can not convert inorganic substances to organic substances. - They do not occupy the first trophic level rather occupy other trophic levels. - They play a secondary role in the food chain. - They are not photosynthetic. - They do not synthesize food by trapping solar energy. - They are known a...